Il arrive que votre association travaille avec d'autres entreprises ou individus pour remplir sa mission - comme lorsqu'un refuge pour animaux s'associe à une clinique vétérinaire pour des services médicaux.
Les organisations peuvent même solliciter l'expertise de votre association, par exemple lorsqu'un district scolaire vous demande des conseils sur les pratiques durables. Ces partenariats s'accompagnent d'exigences spécifiques en matière de rapports, et l'une d'entre elles est le formulaire W-9 de l'IRS - un document simple que votre association doit soit remplir, soit demander à vos partenaires commerciaux.
Dans ce blog, nous examinerons en détail ce qu'est le formulaire W-9, y compris les instructions étape par étape pour le remplir correctement.
A W-9 form, officially named "Request for Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification," helps nonprofits collect Tax Identification Numbers (TIN) from contractors and businesses they work with. Nonprofits use this information to complete Form 1099, which reports miscellaneous income to the IRS.Source
Le formulaire W-9 est conservé en interne par votre organisation et n'est pas soumis à l'IRS. Il sert à prouver que vous avez recueilli des informations exactes sur le contribuable, nécessaires à l'établissement du formulaire 1099, et constitue une vérification légale des détails fournis.
For example, if you hire a graphic designer for your nonprofit's marketing campaigns and pay them over $600 in a year, you'll need a completed W-9 from them to issue their 1099-NEC during tax filing.

Lorsque vous travaillez avec un entrepreneur et que vous lui versez plus de 600 dollars, vous devez lui demander un formulaire W-9 au lieu de le remplir vous-même. Ce formulaire contient des informations telles que le NIF et l'adresse postale de l'entrepreneur - informations que vous devrez inclure dans le formulaire 1099, ainsi que le montant que vous lui avez versé.
Avant de demander unformulaire W-9, consultez les"Instructions pour le demandeur du formulaire W-9" afin de déterminer quand vous devez collecter le TIN d'un entrepreneur.
If you've been working with this contractor for a long time, you can continue using the W-9 form they previously submitted. It's important to regularly review if their information is still accurate – if their address or TIN changes, you'll need to obtain a new W-9 form from them.
Si votre association fournit des services à d'autres organisations, celles-ci peuvent vous demander un formulaire W-9.
Par exemple, si votre association environnementale offre aux entreprises locales des services de formation rémunérés sur les pratiques durables, ces entreprises auront besoin de votre formulaire W-9. Remplissez et renvoyez le formulaire dans les plus brefs délais afin qu'elles aient le temps de remplir le formulaire 1099.
Before you start, download the current W-9 directly from the IRS: irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/fw9.pdf. Always use the latest version — payers may reject outdated forms.
Il y a deux façons d'indiquer le nom de votre association dans le formulaire W-9 :
Par exemple, si votre organisation est constituée en société sous le nom de Youth Environmental Education Foundation of California mais est communément connue sous le nom de Youth Eco Foundation, vous devez écrire "Youth Environmental Education Foundation of California" dans la case 1 et "Youth Eco Foundation" dans la case 2.
Le formulaire W-9 vous demande ensuite de sélectionner votre classification fiscale fédérale. Il propose les options suivantes :
Here's where many nonprofits get it wrong. The correct selection depends on how your organization is structured:
This is the single most common source of W-9 errors for nonprofits. When in doubt, check your state formation documents. If you filed articles of incorporation, you're an incorporated nonprofit corporation and should select "C Corporation."
Le code du bénéficiaire exonéré indique si les paiements sont soumis à la retenue à la source. Il s'agit notamment de
Don't leave this blank. Nonprofit organizations exempt under IRS Section 501(a) — which includes all 501(c)(3) organizations — should enter exempt payee code 1 in the "Exempt payee code" box. Code 1 tells the payer your organization isn't subject to backup withholding.
For the "Exemption from FATCA reporting code" box, most domestic 501(c)(3) nonprofits can leave this blank. If your organization has foreign financial account reporting obligations, code A may apply — but this is uncommon for most US-based nonprofits. Check with your accountant if you're unsure.
Le formulaire W-9 comporte deux cases pour indiquer votre adresse. Dans la case 5, inscrivez le nom de la rue de votre organisation, le numéro de la rue et le numéro de l'appartement ou de la suite. Dans la case 6, indiquez votre ville, votre état et votre code postal.
Le formulaire comprend également un espace pour le nom et l'adresse du demandeur. Bien que facultative, cette section permet de savoir quelles organisations détiennent les informations relatives à votre association, en particulier si vous soumettez des formulaires W-9 à plusieurs entrepreneurs.
Votre organisation contractante peut utiliser un système numéroté pour suivre les paiements qu'elle effectue à ses différents partenaires. Si elle a attribué à votre association un numéro de compte spécifique pour son suivi interne, indiquez ce numéro sur le formulaire. Laissez cette section vide si aucun numéro de compte ne vous a été attribué.
Contrairement aux entrepreneurs individuels qui utilisent leur numéro de sécurité sociale, les organisations à but non lucratif doivent utiliser leur numéro d'identification d'employeur (EIN).
Enter your EIN in the "Employer identification number" boxes — never in the "Social security number" boxes. The format is two digits, a hyphen, then seven digits (XX-XXXXXXX). Leave the SSN boxes completely blank.
Si vous n'avez pas encore reçu votre EIN, inscrivez "demandé" dans la section TIN - et dans les 60 jours qui suivent, envoyez votre EIN mis à jour.
Dans la dernière section, vous devez certifier que les informations que vous avez fournies sont véridiques. Vous devez confirmer que :
An authorized signer — typically your executive director, treasurer, or board officer — should sign and date the form. Review all information thoroughly before signing and submitting your W-9 form.
Reading through step-by-step instructions is helpful — but seeing a filled-out form makes everything click. Below is an annotated image of a completed W-9 followed by a line-by-line walkthrough of exactly what each field should contain for a tax-exempt 501(c)(3) nonprofit, using a fictional organization as the example.
[ANNOTATED W-9 FORM IMAGE REQUIRED HERE: Insert screenshot of completed IRS Form W-9 with callout boxes annotating each key line — Line 1 (legal name), Line 2 (DBA blank), Line 3 (C Corporation checked), Line 4 (exempt payee code 1), Lines 5–6 (address), Part I (EIN), and Part II (signature). Style consistent with Crowded and Altruic visual guidance.]
Sample organization: Youth Environmental Education Foundation
EIN: 47-1234567
What to write: The organization's full legal name exactly as it appears in your IRS determination letter and articles of incorporation.
✏️ Youth Environmental Education Foundation
Do not use abbreviations here unless your legal name includes them. This must match your IRS records precisely.
What to write: Leave this blank if your organization operates under the same name listed on Line 1. Only fill this in if you use a DBA (doing business as) name that differs from your legal name.
✏️ [Leave blank]
What to check: If your nonprofit is incorporated, check ☑ C Corporation. If your nonprofit is unincorporated, check ☑ Other and write "501(c)(3) nonprofit organization" in the space provided.
This is one of the most common sources of confusion on the W-9. Many people assume that because a nonprofit is tax-exempt, it should always check "Other." That's not correct. If your organization filed articles of incorporation with your state, it's a corporation — and the IRS W-9 instructions direct incorporated nonprofits to select "C Corporation."
The "Other" checkbox is reserved for unincorporated tax-exempt entities, such as unincorporated associations or charitable trusts that haven't incorporated under state law. Check your formation documents if you're unsure which applies to your organization.
✏️ C Corporation (if incorporated) — or — Other: 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization (if unincorporated)
Exempt payee code: Write 1 in the "Exempt payee code" box.
Code 1 applies to organizations exempt under Section 501(a), which includes all 501(c)(3) organizations. This tells the payer that your organization is not subject to backup withholding.
Exemption from FATCA reporting code: Leave this blank unless your nonprofit has specific foreign financial account reporting obligations, which is uncommon for most domestic nonprofits.
✏️ Exempt payee code: 1 | FATCA code: [blank]
What to write: Your organization's official mailing address — typically your registered address or the address on file with the IRS.
✏️ 123 Green Valley Road, Suite 200✏️ Austin, TX 78701
What to write: Your organization's Employer Identification Number (EIN) in the "Employer identification number" box — never a Social Security Number.
Format: two digits, a hyphen, then seven digits.
✏️ 47-1234567
Leave the "Social security number" boxes completely blank.
What to do: An authorized signer — typically your executive director, treasurer, or board officer — signs and dates the form.
✏️ [Signature of authorized representative] | Date: 03/15/2025
The most critical details to get right: select the correct tax classification for your structure on Line 3, enter exempt payee code 1, and always use your EIN — never an individual's Social Security Number. Getting these three fields correct ensures your payers can process the form without follow-up questions and that your organization's tax-exempt status is properly communicated.
Even straightforward forms create problems when the instructions aren't written with nonprofits in mind. These are the errors that show up most often — and what to do instead.
Checking the wrong tax classification box
This is the most frequent mistake. Incorporated 501(c)(3) nonprofits should check "C Corporation," not "Other." Many people assume that checking "C Corporation" means they're claiming to be a for-profit company. It doesn't. It simply reflects how your organization is structured legally. If you filed articles of incorporation with your state, you're a corporation — check that box. If you're unincorporated, check "Other" and describe your exemption type.
Leaving the exempt payee code blank
Skipping Line 4 doesn't cause the form to be rejected outright, but it can trigger unnecessary follow-up from payers. It may also lead some payers to apply backup withholding at 24% out of caution. Your organization is exempt from backup withholding under Section 501(a). Enter code 1 and avoid the confusion entirely.
Using a Social Security Number instead of an EIN
This happens most often when a founder or executive director completes the form on behalf of their organization and defaults to their personal information. A W-9 submitted for your nonprofit must use the organization's EIN — not anyone's personal SSN. If your nonprofit doesn't have an EIN yet, write "applied for" in the TIN section and provide the EIN once it's issued.
Using an outdated form
The IRS updates the W-9 periodically. Some payers will reject older versions. Always download the current form directly from irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/fw9.pdf rather than using a saved copy from a previous year.
Name mismatches between Line 1 and IRS records
If your legal name on the W-9 doesn't exactly match what the IRS has on file for your EIN, it can create TIN validation errors for your payer. Use your name exactly as it appears on your IRS determination letter — including punctuation, "Inc.," or "Foundation" if those words are part of your registered name.
Not updating your W-9 when information changes
A W-9 isn't a one-time filing. If your organization's legal name, address, or EIN changes, you need to provide updated forms to any payers who have your old information on file. Build a habit of reviewing your W-9s on file whenever you go through a significant organizational change.
This question comes up often, and the answer depends on the type of payment your nonprofit receives.
Donations don't require a W-9. When an individual or company makes a charitable contribution to your 501(c)(3), that's a gift — not a payment for services. Donors don't need your W-9, and you don't need to provide one. Your donation acknowledgment letter handles the documentation on your end.
Grants are more nuanced. Most grants from private foundations, community foundations, or government agencies are made to support your charitable mission — and these typically don't require a W-9. However, some grant-making foundations do request a W-9 as part of their due diligence process, particularly when the grant is structured as a payment for specific deliverables or services rather than a general operating grant. In those cases, provide your W-9 promptly so the foundation can complete its own reporting requirements.
Payments for services always require a W-9. If your nonprofit receives payment for providing services — training, consulting, program delivery, or any other work — the payer may need your W-9 to issue a 1099. This applies whether the payer is a corporation, a government agency, or another nonprofit. The threshold is $600 paid in a calendar year.
The simplest rule: if someone is paying your nonprofit for doing something rather than donating to your mission, expect a W-9 request. Keep a completed, current W-9 on file and ready to send. It saves time and prevents payment delays.
L'envoi du formulaire W-9 varie selon que l'on demande le formulaire ou que l'on vous demande de le remplir. Voici ce qu'il faut faire dans les deux cas :
If a contractor requests the W-9 from your nonprofit, you must complete and return the form as soon as possible, ideally within a week of receiving the request. It won't take long unless you need to apply for an EIN, which takes time.
Après avoir reçu votre formulaire, le demandeur utilisera vos informations pour remplir votre formulaire 1099 et vous l'envoyer avant la date limite du 31 janvier.
Si votre association demande le formulaire à une autre organisation, précisez comment vous souhaitez recevoir le formulaire signé, que ce soit par télécopie, par courrier électronique ou par des services de documents en ligne.
Une fois que vous avez reçu le formulaire W-9 signé, vous pouvez remplir le formulaire 1099-MISC et l'envoyer à l'organisation contractante et à l'IRS.
Le formulaire W-9 est essentiel à la conformité fiscale des organisations à but non lucratif, car il constitue un lien vital entre les organisations, les entrepreneurs et l'IRS. Le formulaire recueille des informations essentielles, notamment le nom, le numéro d'identification du contribuable, l'adresse postale et le statut de la retenue à la source.
When working with contractors, request the W-9 form before starting the relationship and verify all information is complete and accurate. Keep these forms secure and updated to accommodate any changes in the contractor's details during your association with them.
Zeffy helps 100,000+ nonprofits manage their fundraising and financial compliance needs at no cost — so your team can focus on mission-critical work instead of paperwork.


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